Pregnancy Risks on Dialysis: Analysis of 2.6M Births

Compared to women who do not have chronic kidney disease (CKD), National Health Insurance Service data from more than 2.6 million women who gave birth from 2008 to 2017 found that congenital malformations (CMs) occurred in 4.79% of offspring from healthy moms, 5.29% in those with CKD, and 9.65% in moms who had end-stage kidney disease—with transplants conferring more risk than dialysis. Heart defects were the most common in every group.

Read the abstract » | (added 02-17-2026)